Investigating Sustainable Peace Expressions in Bamanankan to Counter Hate Speech in the South of Mali: The Case Study of the Conflict in the Commune of Koumantou

Abstract

This study explores peace expressions to counter-hate speeches in the commune of Koumantou in south of Mali. Research in the Malian context has paid little attention to the phenomenon. This research exposes the peace expressions to counter-violence expressions among the Bamanan people of Koumantou. It adopted the quantitative approach in which a questionnaire was designed to collect the data, which helped the researchers to achieve three objectives which are: (1) the attitude of villagers towards other people from other villages in the commune of Koumantou; (2) to identify the causes of intercommunity conflict in the commune of Koumantou; and (3) to identify the main peace expressions supposed to fight hate speech or conflict. The findings have revealed indicated that the use of peace expressions in Bamanankan in intercommunity dialogue can only counter hate speech and prevent conflict in the commune of Koumanatou.